INFLUENCE OF VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY IN ADULTS WITH DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

Abstract

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by a high global prevalence, and the worsening and alleviation of its symptoms are influenced by the role of nutrients in the functioning of the Central Nervous System, such as vitamin B12. Therefore, this study aims to gather evidence linking vitamin B12 deficiency to depression, exploring the influence of this nutrient in individuals with low cobalamin levels. This is an integrative literature review based on a bibliographic analysis of studies without temporal restrictions, in which articles examining the relationship between depression and nutrition were analyzed, with an emphasis on the impacts of an inadequate diet and the benefits of nutritional interventions. The reviewed studies indicate that individuals with MDD (Major Depressive Disorder) had reduced serum vitamin B12 levels, a condition that can impair the synthesis of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, which is essential for mood regulation. Furthermore, it is suggested that after B12 supplementation in combination with antidepressant drugs, there is a significant improvement in treatment response. Additionally, the review highlights the importance of raising awareness about cobalamin deficiency, particularly in at-risk populations such as the elderly, strict vegetarians, and individuals with conditions affecting nutrient absorption. A preventive approach, based on a healthy diet and proper nutritional guidance, can play a fundamental role in reducing the risk of developing depression and improving therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is concluded that vitamin B12 is a key element in the nutritional approach to depression, and its supplementation, combined with a healthy lifestyle, should be considered an integral part of prevention strategies for major depressive disorder (MDD).