AS DORES QUE SÃO DURAS: UMA PERPESCTIVA MULTIFATORIAL SOBRE O SUÍCIDIO

Abstract

Yellow September, by focusing on specific actions and visual campaigns, ignores structural causes of the increase in suicide rates, such as poor access to mental health, lack of investment in professionals and the absence of a necessary support network. Furthermore, the campaign can be criticized for focusing excessively on the individual aspect of suicide, without giving due attention to the social and systemic factors that influence it, such as inequality, poverty, social exclusion and failed public policies. The emphasis on a single month of awareness-raising minimizes the need for continuous and long-term intervention, which includes prevention on different fronts and the provision of sustained support throughout the year. The general objective of this research is to analyze the gaps between the intentions of Yellow September and the practical results observed, focusing on how the stigma about suicide and mental health persists in different social groups. The methodology adopted in this work uses the deductive method, which tests the validity of theories and formulates hypotheses for analysis, and is exploratory, aiming to provide an initial understanding of the problem. The technical procedure is bibliographic research, based on previously published sources such as articles, books and dissertations. The approach is qualitative, focused on the interpretation of social and human phenomena, ideal for exploring complex and cultural issues that cannot be quantified. As a result, more than 800,000 people die due to suicide every year and it is the second leading cause of death in young people aged 15 to 29. In Brazil, between 1996 and 2016, Brazil recorded 183,484 deaths by suicide, representing an increase of 69.6% in that period. According to data from DATASUS, in 2018, 12,733 deaths by suicide were recorded in the country, which corresponds to a rate of 6.1 suicides per 100,000 inhabitants, resulting in approximately 35 deaths per day. Therefore, the conclusion revealed that, despite advances in public debate and visibility of the topic, there are still significant gaps in the implementation of ongoing preventive policies, as well as gaps in the academic training of health professionals, especially with regard to addressing death and suicide. In addition, misinformation and stigma still constitute major obstacles to the advancement of effective public policies and to breaking taboos surrounding suicide.